Today’s world is most dangerous place

There is no denying the fact that today’s world is not peaceful, moderate and refined, rather it is full of perils and threatening. Still today, unlimited social evils are prevailing in the world. Not only in our country, but also in many parts of the world, corruption, terrorism, dowry system, traffic congestion, pollutions and high rate of population exist tremendously. Formerly, the people were peaceful in the sense that they did not know how to use weapons to spoil others. In modern world, the use of atomic energy has been mischievously enhancing for which the safely survival for humans are being painstaking day by day. If we look around the world, we will observe that the numbers of wars are increasing day by day for which the war against terrorism is a burning question of the day. The history says, by a mammoth invasion of the terrorists, the world largest business centre situated in America has been crushed. It is a matter of great regret that the super power countries like USA, Germany, France, Russia and Great Britain failed to retaliate such attacks.

It is important to note that in Hiroshima and Nagashika of Japan during First World War, atom bomb had been thrown on the soil of Japan, the first sun rising country. The effect of such atom bomb was so fatal that even today; such poisonous influences are widespread in the world on a large scale. Modern world is the world of threat, perils and painful and as such, the war of Vietnam was dangerous that unlimited people had been killed. The war of Iraq is most destructive and heinous because each and every day due to terrorism attack, uncounted people are being killed irrespective of high or low. The peace loving forces are trying to control the country relating to law and order situation, but it is becoming difficult to control the country on the part of the alliance forces against the rebel forces. The rebel forces think that hey are fighting against the occupancy of foreign foes and according to them, they will fight till date until or unless Iraq is liberated. From the consequences of such war, we can decide that all wars cannot bring good harvest rather than the people of the world who do not find any ways to live with peace, society, friendship and love. In the midst of many arguments and debates, it seems that today’s world is full of perils and dangerous place.

Due to the fact that corruption exists tremendously for which we can say that where there is no accountability, there lies corruption and it occurs in case of dealing money in exchange of anything. In my opinion, it is the sum of total resources expressed in terms of current monetary units and the discretion power which is the authority and empowerment to spend and minus accountability. Moreover, Smoking emerge due to delay in healing of stomach ulcers; it trims down the senses of smell and taste; slows down reflexes which causes smokers more prone to accidents; and gives an unpleasant smell from the breath, clothes, and homes of smokers. Very current survey illustrates that smokers endanger the health of non-smokers. Pregnant women smokers tend to have smaller babies than non-smokers, and their babies are more likely to be born dead or die a few days after birth. Besides such tremendously adverse affects, the children of smoking parents have more lung infections in the first years of life than the children of non-smokers. During one hour in a smoky room, a non-smoker can inhale as much cancer-causing substances as some one smoking 15 filter-tip cigarettes. Illness related to smoking is very expensive. In U.K., France, Germany, China and USA, it results in the loss of about 60 millions working days a year, treatment costs several hundreds thousands dollar a day, and it causes the death of over a million people a week. However, those who give up smoking greatly reduce their chances of developing diseases.

There is no denying the fact that the profligate limits of social life in our country envisage the identity as a great threadbare for overall affluence and fiscal accuracy in our country. It is certitude that the sociable evils like teen labor, acid sadism, dowry system, strangling maids, raping, indoor pollutions; corruption and drug addiction are mammoth constraints as mixed with our blood and bone. Drug craving and Alcoholism are the causes of social disorder for which a society remains congested from all sorts of progression. In case of personage prospect, drug obsession is atrocious work, which mingles many other fatalities like cancer, coronary, and phthisis. Drug addict is such phenomena with which a person fails to accomplish his bright lot, being laden with superstitious and mentally being disrobed, he becomes then unable to get rid of such bottleneck. Drug addiction is not only bad habits but also an evil force that spoils the men’s life. There is no suspicion that the young people are found more to be captivated as compared to other evil forces that tremendously affect people to go astray and miscarriage. They are somehow subjective to take drugs like heroine, chorus, phencidel, wine cigarettes, alcohol and many other addicted materials very harmful for health and hygiene. When a person somehow leaves hope of life, in due course he thinks that drug addiction is only the way for which he can survive on earth and as such in the next course, he takes drugs after drugs and become addicted. When in one time, he becomes passionate; he cannot give up those addictions because he remains in the state of hallucinations and emotionally distortions. Hence Alcoholics do not drink simply for pleasure, but because they presume that they cannot face life’s problems ingrained in blood and bone without alcohol. It is a significant fact that more road mishap results from unwieldy ingestion than from any other cause. This is due to the fact that alcohol slows down reflexes, interferes with concentration and distance judgment, and increases recklessness. It is a fact that heavy drinking can cause cancer of the mouth, gullet, stomach, and liver. It upsets the digestion and reduces blood cell formation, causing anemia.

Suffice it to say that alcohol causes shrinkage of the brain, reducing the powers of abstract reasoning, and it destroys liver cells causing this organ to store abnormally large amounts of fat. In severe cases, alcoholics suffer numbness and paralysis of the limbs. Some alcoholics suffer a disorder known as delirium tremens when forced to stop drinking and besides this, vomiting occurs and the whole body begins to shake and in due course, it is followed by hideous and often ghastly visions. A drug can be defined as a chemical material that affects the mind and only the so-called hard drugs are irresistible. These include the opiates: opium, morphine, and heroine. A drug addict comes to depend upon a drug so that life is no longer bearable without it. Addiction occurs because, like alcohol, more and more of the drug is required to produce its desired effects. Furthermore, if the drug supply is out of the blue cut off an addict suffers withdrawal symptoms and these can be drastically lethal. That is to say, they become dependant upon alcohol without realizing it and as such for the first time, pleasing effects are produced by one or two drinks, but soon larger and larger amounts are needed to yield these effects, until self control is unduly irrevocable. Morphine, heroine, and other drugs that are often injected involve the risk of infection from dirt hypodermic needles.

Suffice it to say; in most places of the world, without corruption and malpractices, nothing is possible to be performed. Due to lack of honesty, sincerity and simplicity, the world has become unsuitable for living. Terrorism is another threat against healthy life in society. We need to be dedicated to work sincerely and painstakingly to eliminate such hurdles. Besides this, price hike is a great bottleneck against peaceful survival on earth because; the prices of all sorts of commodities are beyond the buying capacity of the people. In Bangladesh, floods, draught, cyclone, earthquake and epidemic diseases are the common visitors to the people of this beautiful land with ever green beauties of nature. The people living beside the sea shore always face misfortunes of water surge and thus they are being victimized almost every year; even if, in a year, they may be infected with such misfortunes. Besides sides, due to smoking and addictions of drugs, unlimited problems are being created every times for which the whole nation wants to get rid of from such hurdles. There exists a remarkable extent of evidences that a variety of awful diseases emerge often in smokers than non-smokers and these diseases are: Lung cancer; emphysema causing thinning and weakening of lung tissue; cancer of the mouth, throat, larynx, gullet, bladder, and pancreas; coronary thrombosis causing snarl-up of arteries to the heart; angina pectoris causing pain due to contraction of arteries to the heart; and chronic bronchitis with phlegm.

In view of the above it is significant that it is worth mentioning that the present world is the most dangerous place as it is full of hatred, jealousy, slothful, vindictiveness and competition of ill money which never support the features of a healthy society. Hence it is obvious that smoking has been unenthusiastic every times and as such, even in general advertisement to sell their product, the work of publication of product’s brand name and packaging system to indicate the quality of the product has been banned. Not only smoking, every kind of evils need to be banished from this world to present the modern age a healthy society bedded on trustworthy, love, friendship and responsibility to serve the humanity in this hereinafter virtually.

Today’s world is most dangerous place

There is no denying the fact that today’s world is not peaceful, moderate and refined, rather it is full of perils and threatening. Still today, unlimited social evils are prevailing in the world. Not only in our country, but also in many parts of the world, corruption, terrorism, dowry system, traffic congestion, pollutions and high rate of population exist tremendously. Formerly, the people were peaceful in the sense that they did not know how to use weapons to spoil others. In modern world, the use of atomic energy has been mischievously enhancing for which the safely survival for humans are being painstaking day by day. If we look around the world, we will observe that the numbers of wars are increasing day by day for which the war against terrorism is a burning question of the day. The history says, by a mammoth invasion of the terrorists, the world largest business centre situated in America has been crushed. It is a matter of great regret that the super power countries like USA, Germany, France, Russia and Great Britain failed to retaliate such attacks.

It is important to note that in Hiroshima and Nagashika of Japan during First World War, atom bomb had been thrown on the soil of Japan, the first sun rising country. The effect of such atom bomb was so fatal that even today; such poisonous influences are widespread in the world on a large scale. Modern world is the world of threat, perils and painful and as such, the war of Vietnam was dangerous that unlimited people had been killed. The war of Iraq is most destructive and heinous because each and every day due to terrorism attack, uncounted people are being killed irrespective of high or low. The peace loving forces are trying to control the country relating to law and order situation, but it is becoming difficult to control the country on the part of the alliance forces against the rebel forces. The rebel forces think that hey are fighting against the occupancy of foreign foes and according to them, they will fight till date until or unless Iraq is liberated. From the consequences of such war, we can decide that all wars cannot bring good harvest rather than the people of the world who do not find any ways to live with peace, society, friendship and love. In the midst of many arguments and debates, it seems that today’s world is full of perils and dangerous place.

Due to the fact that corruption exists tremendously for which we can say that where there is no accountability, there lies corruption and it occurs in case of dealing money in exchange of anything. In my opinion, it is the sum of total resources expressed in terms of current monetary units and the discretion power which is the authority and empowerment to spend and minus accountability. Moreover, Smoking emerge due to delay in healing of stomach ulcers; it trims down the senses of smell and taste; slows down reflexes which causes smokers more prone to accidents; and gives an unpleasant smell from the breath, clothes, and homes of smokers. Very current survey illustrates that smokers endanger the health of non-smokers. Pregnant women smokers tend to have smaller babies than non-smokers, and their babies are more likely to be born dead or die a few days after birth. Besides such tremendously adverse affects, the children of smoking parents have more lung infections in the first years of life than the children of non-smokers. During one hour in a smoky room, a non-smoker can inhale as much cancer-causing substances as some one smoking 15 filter-tip cigarettes. Illness related to smoking is very expensive. In U.K., France, Germany, China and USA, it results in the loss of about 60 millions working days a year, treatment costs several hundreds thousands dollar a day, and it causes the death of over a million people a week. However, those who give up smoking greatly reduce their chances of developing diseases.

There is no denying the fact that the profligate limits of social life in our country envisage the identity as a great threadbare for overall affluence and fiscal accuracy in our country. It is certitude that the sociable evils like teen labor, acid sadism, dowry system, strangling maids, raping, indoor pollutions; corruption and drug addiction are mammoth constraints as mixed with our blood and bone. Drug craving and Alcoholism are the causes of social disorder for which a society remains congested from all sorts of progression. In case of personage prospect, drug obsession is atrocious work, which mingles many other fatalities like cancer, coronary, and phthisis. Drug addict is such phenomena with which a person fails to accomplish his bright lot, being laden with superstitious and mentally being disrobed, he becomes then unable to get rid of such bottleneck. Drug addiction is not only bad habits but also an evil force that spoils the men’s life. There is no suspicion that the young people are found more to be captivated as compared to other evil forces that tremendously affect people to go astray and miscarriage. They are somehow subjective to take drugs like heroine, chorus, phencidel, wine cigarettes, alcohol and many other addicted materials very harmful for health and hygiene. When a person somehow leaves hope of life, in due course he thinks that drug addiction is only the way for which he can survive on earth and as such in the next course, he takes drugs after drugs and become addicted. When in one time, he becomes passionate; he cannot give up those addictions because he remains in the state of hallucinations and emotionally distortions. Hence Alcoholics do not drink simply for pleasure, but because they presume that they cannot face life’s problems ingrained in blood and bone without alcohol. It is a significant fact that more road mishap results from unwieldy ingestion than from any other cause. This is due to the fact that alcohol slows down reflexes, interferes with concentration and distance judgment, and increases recklessness. It is a fact that heavy drinking can cause cancer of the mouth, gullet, stomach, and liver. It upsets the digestion and reduces blood cell formation, causing anemia.

Suffice it to say that alcohol causes shrinkage of the brain, reducing the powers of abstract reasoning, and it destroys liver cells causing this organ to store abnormally large amounts of fat. In severe cases, alcoholics suffer numbness and paralysis of the limbs. Some alcoholics suffer a disorder known as delirium tremens when forced to stop drinking and besides this, vomiting occurs and the whole body begins to shake and in due course, it is followed by hideous and often ghastly visions. A drug can be defined as a chemical material that affects the mind and only the so-called hard drugs are irresistible. These include the opiates: opium, morphine, and heroine. A drug addict comes to depend upon a drug so that life is no longer bearable without it. Addiction occurs because, like alcohol, more and more of the drug is required to produce its desired effects. Furthermore, if the drug supply is out of the blue cut off an addict suffers withdrawal symptoms and these can be drastically lethal. That is to say, they become dependant upon alcohol without realizing it and as such for the first time, pleasing effects are produced by one or two drinks, but soon larger and larger amounts are needed to yield these effects, until self control is unduly irrevocable. Morphine, heroine, and other drugs that are often injected involve the risk of infection from dirt hypodermic needles.

Suffice it to say; in most places of the world, without corruption and malpractices, nothing is possible to be performed. Due to lack of honesty, sincerity and simplicity, the world has become unsuitable for living. Terrorism is another threat against healthy life in society. We need to be dedicated to work sincerely and painstakingly to eliminate such hurdles. Besides this, price hike is a great bottleneck against peaceful survival on earth because; the prices of all sorts of commodities are beyond the buying capacity of the people. In Bangladesh, floods, draught, cyclone, earthquake and epidemic diseases are the common visitors to the people of this beautiful land with ever green beauties of nature. The people living beside the sea shore always face misfortunes of water surge and thus they are being victimized almost every year; even if, in a year, they may be infected with such misfortunes. Besides sides, due to smoking and addictions of drugs, unlimited problems are being created every times for which the whole nation wants to get rid of from such hurdles. There exists a remarkable extent of evidences that a variety of awful diseases emerge often in smokers than non-smokers and these diseases are: Lung cancer; emphysema causing thinning and weakening of lung tissue; cancer of the mouth, throat, larynx, gullet, bladder, and pancreas; coronary thrombosis causing snarl-up of arteries to the heart; angina pectoris causing pain due to contraction of arteries to the heart; and chronic bronchitis with phlegm.

In view of the above it is significant that it is worth mentioning that the present world is the most dangerous place as it is full of hatred, jealousy, slothful, vindictiveness and competition of ill money which never support the features of a healthy society. Hence it is obvious that smoking has been unenthusiastic every times and as such, even in general advertisement to sell their product, the work of publication of product’s brand name and packaging system to indicate the quality of the product has been banned. Not only smoking, every kind of evils need to be banished from this world to present the modern age a healthy society bedded on trustworthy, love, friendship and responsibility to serve the humanity in this hereinafter virtually.

Social Malevolence

There is no denying the fact that we should be spending taxpayer’s money by way of treating the self-infected disease by dealing poor life styles and as such illness related to smoking as well as drug addicts is very expensive. In U.K., France, Germany, China and USA, its domino effect causes in the loss of about 60 thousands working days a year, treatment costs several hundreds thousands dollar a day, and it grounds the death of over a thousands people a week. However, those who give up smoking greatly moderate their chances of developing diseases. There exists an amazing extent of evidence that a variety of awful diseases emerge often in smokers and terrific drug addicts, these are: Lung cancer; emphysema causing thinning and weakening of lung tissue; cancer of the mouth, throat, larynx, gullet, bladder, and pancreas; coronary thrombosis causing snarl-up of arteries to the heart; angina pectoris causing pain due to narrowing of arteries to the heart; and chronic bronchitis with phlegm. Moreover, Smoking materialize due to delay in healing of stomach ulcers; it trims down the senses of smell and taste; slows down reflexes which causes smokers more prone to accidents; and gives an unpleasant smell from the breath, clothes, and homes of smokers. For all these reasons, the people of drug addicts suffer tremendously as well as mentally for which they deal poor life styles.

It is a significant fact that a huge amount of money is involved for treatment of self creating diseases which are the hazards of life. In western world, they spend to pay taxpayers money which is the complete misuse on the part of the parents, youths and professionals. Due to continuous practice in taking drugs, one becomes the sufferer of heart disease and coronary infections. Leukemia is such disease where whole body infection takes place and cancer causing substances slowly get into the blood for which lives of the people become distorted and miserable. Suffice it to say that it is better to spend money on education because risks and uncertainness for self creating diseases from smoking and drug addicts like tapering and waning of lung tissue; cancer of the orifice, esophagus, larynx, craw, bladder, and pancreas; coronary thrombosis causing blockage of arteries to the heart; angina pectoris causing pain due to narrowing of arteries to the heart; and chronic bronchitis with phlegm. Due to the fact, proper education enlightens the life of the people and flourishing. We should not spend money on other addictions which terrifically harm our corporal and psychological distortions. We necessitate knowing more things by way of education, culture and heritage as compared to western world. By way of education, our morality stands on an erect base which cannot be decayed easily. By continuous ill practice due to illiteracy, we can easily be involved with malevolence and corruption. Morally wrong in social life influence some one to die ultimately.

Out of so many dreadful heart diseases, hypertension is the most common disease affecting the heart and blood vessel. When pressure remains high, the heart uses more energy in pumping. Due to increased effort, the heart muscle thickens and the heart becomes enlarged. It needs more oxygen; untreated high blood pressure can lead to decreased diameter of the arteries and arterioles causing atherosclerosis, strokes, heart attacks.

It is idiosyncratic in the sense that total eradication of such disease lays both in individual and government level. Because, government should generate awareness among the social life so that the people can understand the utility of carefulness about drug addict and smoking. Smoking emerge due to delay in healing of stomach ulcers; it trims down the senses of smell and taste; slows down reflexes which causes smokers more prone to accidents; and gives an unpleasant smell from the breath, clothes, and homes of smokers. Individuals have more responsibility not to be involved in socially irresponsible life. The society cannot permit in illicit connection with any other things. The government should check the utmost irrelevant objects and as such they should take part actively to eradicate the poisonous effects of using unusual critics.

The people as well as the law enforcing agency should be careful about heart diseases. They should not take much junk foods, fatty foods and over smoking. We need to be educated and morally strong so that we can easily avoid such health hazards. There exists a remarkable extent of evidence that a variety of awful diseases emerge often in smokers than non-smokers and these diseases are: Lung cancer; emphysema causing thinning and weakening of lung tissue; cancer of the mouth, throat, larynx, gullet, bladder, and pancreas; coronary thrombosis causing snarl-up of arteries to the heart; angina pectoris causing pain due to contraction of arteries to the heart; and chronic bronchitis with phlegm. Moreover, Smoking emerge due to delay in healing of stomach ulcers; it trims down the senses of smell and taste; slows down reflexes which causes smokers more prone to accidents; and gives an unpleasant smell from the breath, clothes, and homes of smokers. Very current survey illustrates that smokers endanger the health of non-smokers. Pregnant women smokers tend to have smaller babies than non-smokers, and their babies are more likely to be born dead or die a few days after birth. Besides such tremendously adverse affects, the children of smoking parents have more lung infections in the first years of life than the children of non-smokers. During one hour in a smoky room, a non-smoker can inhale as much cancer-causing substances as some one smoking 15 filter-tip cigarettes.

Hence it is obvious that smoking has been unenthusiastic every times and as such, even in general advertisement to sell their product, the work of publication of product’s brand name and packaging system to indicate the quality of the product has been banned. In view of the above, it is evident that if we create social awareness we should check our heart diseases. Individuals have more responsibility not to be involved in socially irresponsible life. The society cannot permit any illicit connection with several other things being hard and painstaking. The government should check the utmost irrelevant objects and as such they should take part actively to eradicate the poisonous effects of using unusual critics. No, normally I cannot donate my heart to some body. After death, if heart is active and keep balance its real structure, it can be donated. In modern science, nowadays, heart can be transplanted. Even, monkeys’ heart is being transplanted on a large scale through out the world. It is evident that modern appliances have been upgraded magically and as such heart operation and its transplanting is not a major problem. Even the good doctors are being successful spontaneously every times, and they are applying new concepts and techniques to beam laughter of the patient in their face. The doctors should be cautious and sincere even they take active measure in more devotion to patients specifically in case heart transplantation.

Stem cell research is such a research where a new embryo is to be explored on women so that a clone foetus is possible to be transplanted. It comes from new and old embryo. The women who are devoid of producing babies, stem cell research develops the new cell along the growth of adipose tissue. As a result, all sorts of chemicals are provided to the patient through placenta.

The growth of the clone lies with the normal capillaries faction along heart. May be we can use these cells to grow new hearts in a test tube and transplant them idyllically so that the groups of blood can be properly tested. By virtue of modern science and medical technology, we can use cells to grow new hearts in a test tube. The women who have no capacity to produce child, test tube baby can be developed in different embryo of the women’s sac underneath abdomen. In different techniques an embryo is developed in the test tube and after several observations such embryo is matured and instituted into the woman. Not only in our country, can a new heart be grown simultaneously on the cells as every times flourished as a tentative flow. If such inside baby pigment is transplanted into the sick people, baby will be grown not in due incubation, and as such many disrobing problems may be infected in due course.

In view of the above it is obvious that, let alone religion, survival on earth is a vital question. Some ethnic groups use medicine as produced from pig’s fat and brain for which the pigs’ heart is said to be sturdy enough as it has different structural compositions as compared to humans. Even monkeys heart is nowadays transplanted in western world and as such the scientists are carrying out experiment on pigs’ heart that is legible based and defined perspectives. As the muscles and cells growth on pericardium take place, its growth is rapid. It is risky in the sense, capillaries and blood vessel carry blood on hard complicacies for which in many countries such transplantation has been discouraged. Pigs only live for 20 years its hearts decay quicker than humans as the pattern of cells decay too rapid than a grown up man. All oils and hydrolysis substances can be dissolved properly in pigs. The fatty muscles are strictly attached with the adipose tissues of the pigs. The necessary chemical produced in adipose tissue is provided to its liver and quickly protein based enzymes are produced and used. For this reasons, humans’ legibility is longer than pigs. Pigs’ heart is decayed quickly but humans’ heart is stronger than pigs for which the decay rate is less than that of pigs.

Super Information Highway

There is no denying the fact that in modern world, the World Wide Web is the symbol of Super Information Highway which may be one’s preferred source of information which is unavoidable to correspond with outside world in the field of business, communication, economics, information and electronic world. The reason of being enthusiastic is to be motivated with others out side environment. Not too many years ago, we are boost of the set of files that we preserve with vendor product documentation. We conscientiously send for information on magazine reader service cards for products that we might need to incorporate into one of our projects. Our goal is to be able to pull out the product literature when we had to prepare that quick turn-around proposal and then simply confirm pricing. This system does work, but it becomes a burden to maintain where we have to spend a lot of time in filing the information that we receive.

The most important parts of the World Wide Web are the elements, such as servers, pages, hot links, and more–all of which comprise the bulk of the World Wide Web. The following are some related terms we may see: Web site: A collection of World Wide Web documents, usually consisting of a home page and several related pages. We might think of a Web site as an interactive electronic in such critical phenomena. Home page: Frequently, the “cover” of a particular Web site. The home page is the main, or first, page displayed for an organization’s or person’s World Wide Web site. Link: Short for “hypertext link.” A link provides a path that connects us from one part of a World Wide Web document to another part of the same document, a different document, or another resource. A link usually appears as a uniquely decorated word that we can click to be transported to another Web page. Anchor: A link that takes us to a different part of the same Web page. Image map: A feature available on the World Wide Web that enables us to click various locations in an graphic image to link to different documents. Frame: A feature available on the World Wide Web that presents text, links, graphics, and other media in separate portions of the browser display. Some sections remain unchanging, whereas others serve as an exhibit of linked documents. Table: A feature available on the World Wide Web that presents document text, links, graphics, and other media in row and column format. Table borders may be visible in some documents but invisible in others.

Furthermore, it seems as if we have to work hard to keep refreshing the literature, especially in light of the rapid change in products and pricing that goes on in the computer industry. On many World Wide Web sites, including CERN’s home page, we can find more extensive details and a more complete listing of actual events than the brief history of the World Wide Web provided even in case of E-Commerce.

Ethnic and Religious Differences among SARC Countries

Heterogeneity in religious culture sometime creates serious problems in South Asia. In terms of number of followers, Hinduism has the largest number of followers, with Islam and Buddhism being the two other major faiths. Although a strong secular movement was launched by the Indian and many other South Asian governments, it failed to minimise cultural gaps among the various religions. Most prominent clashes between religious groups seem to involve Hindus and Muslims, or one Muslim sect against another, or Sikhs and Hindus, or Buddhists and Hindus. Relations between the two most powerful states of South Asia, India and Pakistan, have been greatly complicated by religious factors. Clashes between Sri Lanka’s Buddhist Sinhalese majority and the predominant Hindu Tamil minority have destroyed the peace not only in the island state, but also to some extent in India. Pakistan continues to proclaim it an Islamic state (there are virtually no Hindu left in the country). India is officially secular, although about 11 percent of India’s population is Muslim. Hindus comprise 13% of Bangladesh’s population. The minorities in both countries are discriminated against, in fact if not in law, and a recurrence of communal violence in either country could undermine relations between New Delhi and Dhaka. Cross-border religious links in South Asia create suspicion and friction between majorities and minorities within states rather than bonds between the countries. So the communal relations in South Asia necessarily possess a majority- minority dimension cutting across national boundaries. The dynamics of Hindu-Muslim relations in the Sub-continent directly impinge upon the state-to-state relations.

In view of the above it is evident that different ethnic groups in the region sometimes create insurgency problems in South Asia. This is one of the reasons of mistrust among the South Asian states. For example, India blames Bangladesh for providing arms to Indian ethnic groups who are fighting for autonomy. On the other hand, Bangladesh blames India for giving shelter and arms to Bangladeshi insurgents. Ethnic crises between Tamil and Sinhalese creates problem between Sri Lanka and India. It is common belief in Sri Lanka that Indian support for Tamil people has created this ethnic crisis. Diversified Indian ethnic groups sometime create internal problem in India, which has serious impacts in other countries of the region.

Human rights of poverty based Ethiopia

There is no denying the fact that the Child labour existing in Ethiopian has been a great hurdle for affluent the prospects of developing them as good citizen in a country by receiving proper education. Many years passed, the United Nations research group has been carrying out their research work to find out ways and means, that owing to scarcity, the parents are duty-bound to propel their children to occupation in order to sustain their family. There is no denying the fact that modern civilization has been thriving by degrees by assembling edifice, block, and walls and over bridges for various purposes; in a nutshell, efforts are always appointed to stratify the great work as a tentative flow.. There is a good ground for every development works in the world for which the limitless pains, men’s power of endurance and unrelenting feelings are implicated a lot. Indeed, all sorts of educational institutions like schools, colleges, universities and every project and office profiles have been constructed by enormous using sufficient bricks, trees and soils. Formerly, the world was full of forests and there were uneven soils like ragged mountains and hills. In course of time, the people felt needs to enter into the world of civilization. To speak the truth, they learnt the techniques of cultivating the land, making fire and fuel for preparing their foods and ultimately, they became conversant with the useful things very convenient to them by conquering the world of science and technologies. In this momentary world many uncommon talents came out and made the world astonished by miracle discoveries and inventions. In those work, men and women are equally engaged where it is evident that a child is only a child, not a boy, not a girl who is applicable in Ethiopia and in the light of socio-economic condition of Ethiopia, education is their birth right.

It is evident that modern society is more often than not male subjugated where women still pine away in an substandard position put side by side to men because of the social pattern and stick with customarily held social values. There is, however, an escalating responsiveness that women’s position must get better as a matter of their right; and that, for national development also, mainstreaming of women in all walks of national life is indispensable. Ethiopia is differentiated by a high population density (460 persons per sq. km. as of 1999), a high population growth rate (about 2.2 per cent), a very low per-capita income (about US$ 112 as of 1999), a very low adult literacy rate (12 per cent), and widespread being without a job and underemployment (one-third or more of the available labour-time in the country). About 26 per cent of the population aged 9 years and above constitute the civilian labour force. While women constitute half of the population, their labour force participation rate is only 4.1 per cent against 41.4 per cent of men. Open redundancy rate is 3.1 per cent for women against 1.1 per cent for men and underemployment rate for women workforce is even higher measure up to men. Since the mid-1978s, the Government has, in acknowledgment of the fact that women’s class must get better and that women should be implicated in nation building behavior for an orderly progress of the society, adopted policies and measures aimed at enhancing women’s status, promoting employment opportunities for them, protecting their rights. On top of these, the Constitution of Bangladesh, adopted in 1979, has guaranteed equal position to women. The Constitution of Bangladesh enshrines women’s equal status with men before law; women shall have equal rights in all spheres of state and public life, and equality of opportunity in respect of employment or office in the service of the Republic. They should not be discriminated against because they are women. In fact, the Constitution provides that special steps should be taken for the advancement of women. However, Article 39(c) states that any class of employment or office may be set aside for members of one sex on the ground that it is considered by its nature to be unsuited to members of the opposite sex. If not properly interpreted, this provision may allow scope for abuse and provide a cover for discrimination against women.

The position of building the children is difficult nowadays because of expansion of child labour and as such it is found, not only in our country but also through out the world, the number of child labour are enhancing day by day. Due to the fact, the effort to develop the children by proper education is being adversely hampered. Suffice it to say that a class of people in the name of establishment, they are employing the children as child labour in different factories, offices and other places in some manner by way of offering very low wages. The world is immensely beautified by her unbounded nature where the forests and the animals, hill and mountains have been flourished by the best ecosystem with relevant ecological balances with the factors of climate and weather. In the world, as the antidotes of medicine to cure diseases, the poisonous chemicals are being used up to manufacture the same. In this connection, it is important to mention that the dreadful diseases like cancer, coronary, blood cancer and aids etc., are no longer a problem or dreadful impediment to human beings. If we look around the world, we will find that the environment is being polluted every time from water effluence when mosquitoes lay eggs on standing water of the river, ponds and pools etc. When dirty and unexploited ingredients are thrown into water, the water is polluted tremendously. In Great Britain, the various chemicals are used in different large plants and projects; accordingly, acid rains occur recurrently. In doing such jobs, child labour is being engaged on a large scale. Suffice it to say that various poisonous gases are being produced to a great extent by tremendous use of poisonous chemicals and burning bricks for which the world around us is being polluted to a large extent. In all these phenomena, child labour has been a great manpower to contribute to work extensively and from this day forward, we should save them by creating awareness in social life in question. The work which has been done behind civilization of the world, child labour has been employed in embryonic manner as because; the children coming from poor family have been employing themselves as child labour. The child who will be brought up with due care, they are working parallel to the adult labour. There is no denying the fact that the provisions to enlarge meticulous care to the child has been stated in the Geneva Declaration of the Rights of the Child of 1924 and in the Declaration of the Rights of the Child espoused by the General Assembly on 20 November 1959 and accepted in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, in the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (in particular in articles 23 and 24), in the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and in the position and relevant mechanism of focused organization and intercontinental organizations concerned with the welfare of children. According to such provisions of law, the children of Ethiopia need to be engaged in education at the age of 5, rather than they are becoming labour force. According to UN charter they have their birth right for achieving education virtually.

We should remember that, as accurate in the declaration of the Rights of the Child, “the child, by reason of his bodily and psychosomatic juvenile behavior, needs special protection and care so that can be properly educated and can raise their heads in the world ideally and significantly, including apposite legal fortification, before as well as after birth”,

The Convention on the Rights of the Child was acknowledged so that heir opportunities for education can be established ideally and released for signature, ratification and accession by General Assembly resolution 44/25 of 20 November 1989.

It has been highlighted that, in accordance with the principles broadcasted in the Charter of the United Nations, appreciation of the intrinsic self-esteem and of the equal and incontrovertible rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world, we should bear in mind that the peoples of the United Nations have, in the Charter, reaffirmed their faith in fundamental human rights and in the dignity and worth of the human person and have determined to endorse social progress by receiving proper education and better standards of life in larger choice, it has been acknowledged that the United Nations has, in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and in the International Covenants on Human Rights, proclaimed and agreed that everyone in poverty based countries like Ethiopia and Somalia entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth therein, without characteristic of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status, it has been reminded that, in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the United Nations has proclaimed that childhood for proper education is entitled to special care and assistance, Convinced that the family, as the fundamental group of society and the natural environment for the growth and well-being of all its members and particularly children, should be afforded the necessary protection and assistance so that it can fully assume its responsibilities within the community, it has been stated that the child, for the full and harmonious development of his or her personality in respect of education, should grow up in a family environment, in an atmosphere of happiness, love and sympathetic consideration. It has been stated that the child should be fully prepared to live an individual life in society and brought up in the spirit of the ideals proclaimed in the Charter of the United Nations and in particular in the spirit of peace, dignity, tolerance, freedom, equality and solidarity. It has been expressed that the provisions of the Declaration on Social and Legal Principles relating to the Protection and Welfare of Children, with Special Reference to Foster Placement and Adoption Nationally and globally; the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the management of Juvenile Justice

We should bear in mind that, in all countries in the world, there are children living in unusually difficult conditions and that such children need special contemplation for taking due explanation of the importance of the traditions and cultural values of each people for the fortification and harmonious development of the child. We should bear in mind the importance of international co-operation for improving the living conditions of children in every country, in particular in the developing countries, for the purposes of the present Convention, a child means every human being below the age of eighteen years unless under the law applicable to the child, majority is attained earlier. States Parties shall respect and ensure the rights set forth in the present Convention to each child within their jurisdiction without discrimination of any kind, irrespective of the child’s or his or her parent’s or legal guardian’s race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national, ethnic or social origin, property, disability, birth or other status. 2. States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to ensure that the child is protected against all forms of discrimination or chastisement on the basis of the status, activities, expressed opinions, or beliefs of the child’s parents, legal guardians, or family members. In all actions concerning children, whether undertaken by public or private social welfare institutions, courts of law, administrative authorities or legislative bodies, the best interests of the child shall be a primary consideration. It has been stated the States Parties embark on to ensure the child such protection and care as is necessary for his or her well-being, taking into account the rights and duties of his or her parents, legal guardians, or other individuals legally responsible for him or her, and, to this end, shall take all appropriate legislative and administrative measures.

It has been stated the states Parties should ensure that the institutions, services and facilities responsible for the care or protection of children shall conform with the standards established by competent authorities, particularly in the areas of safety, health, in the number and suitability of their staff, as well as competent supervision. It has been stated the States Parties shall undertake all appropriate legislative, managerial and other measures for the implementation of the rights recognized in the present Convention. With regard to economic, social and cultural rights, States Parties shall undertake such measures to the maximum extent of their available resources and, where needed, within the framework of international co-operation. It has been stated the States Parties shall respect the responsibilities, rights and duties of parents or, where applicable, the members of the extended family or community as provided for by local custom, legal guardians or other persons legally responsible for the child, to provide, in a manner consistent with the evolving capacities of the child, appropriate direction and guidance in the exercise by the child of the rights recognized in the present Convention.

It has been avowed the children, irrespective of old or young of Ethiopia shall be listed immediately after birth and shall have the right from birth to a name, the right to get hold of a nationality and. as far as possible, and the right to know and be cared for by his or her parents for education for development properly. It has been stated in UN charter that the States Parties should ensure the implementation of these rights according to their national law and their obligations under the relevant global instruments in this field, in particular where the people of Ethiopia would otherwise be stateless. It has been stated the states Parties undertake to respect the right of the humans living in Ethiopia to preserve his or her uniqueness, including nationality, name and family kindred as recognized by law without unlawful intervention. The people living in forest, slums, streets, heartless people who are found begging need to be sorted out and they should be placed in a position which is appropriate for their improvement. The social system and other welfare organization should come forward to settle them in a systematic manner by way of proper education. Other wise the hopes and aspiration as envisaged in UN charter would be nipped in the bud and in this context, William Shakespeare says:

“Out! Out! A brief candle,

A life’s but a walking shadow, a poor player,

That struts and frets his hour

Upon the stage,

And then is heard no more,

It is a tale;

Told by an idiot,

It is full of sound and fury,

Signifying nothing”

The economic growth of Bangladesh

Suffice it to say that Economic growth is the indicator of the growth of annual income of a country. The rate of economic growth of a country is the percentage annual change in national income. In case of Bangladesh economy where mixed economic system is prevailing, national output in 1994/95 was valued at Tk.117026 crore (27.53 billion US Dollar) and in 1995/96 it was Tk. 130160 crore (30.62 billion US Dollar). Output grew in value by Tk.13134 crore that gives a nominal growth rate between 1994/95 and 1995/96 of 11.1%. On the other hand, this is not the real change in growth because living standards will only be improved by real changes in output. Some of 11.1% increase in output might be due to inflation. If the inflation rate over the period was 4.1% then the real increase in the value of output was 7%. Given the population growth in the country X is 2.17%, this implies that the real value of output per head grew by 4.83 %(7%-2.17%).

The potential economic growth rate is the rate of growth achievable if all wealth were fully employed and used resourcefully. It is the highest rate at which the economy of a country could nurture. Prospective growth will be exaggerated by any change in resources – natural resources, labor or capital.

Bangladesh is an agriculture-based overpopulated developing country. Political instability, natural calamities, poverty and illiteracy are the common feature of Bangladesh. Following table shows the general condition:

Population	124 million(1997)
Population Growth Rate	2.17%
Area	147570 Sq. K.M.
Literacy(Adult)	42.6%
GDP(at current market value)	Tk.140258 crore (1996-97)
Growth Rate	5.7%
Rate of Savings (Domestic)	7.7%	}of GDP
Total Rate of investment	17.4%
Export	13%
Import	22%
ADP financing by domestic resources	48.93%

With poor natural resources and high unemployment rate Bangladesh is trying to improve its economic condition. For financing Annual Development Programme (ADP) it has to depend on foreign loans, debts and grants, which are about 52%. Still Bangladesh has been experiencing steady economic growth since its independence in 1971. Bangladesh was heavily dependent on agricultural sector. In 1973/74 contribution of agricultural sector to GDP was 48.3% where in 1996/97 it was about 32.4%. However industrial sector does not grow as expected. Its contribution remains almost same, as it was 11.1% in 1973/74. Political instability and inconsistent economic and industrial policy might have the consequent reasons. Other professional and commercial service sectors are rising from 36% to about 50%. Rural people living below poverty level were 73% in 1973/74. It falls to 50% in 1991/92. Infant mortality rate fell from 154 per thousand in 1970s to 80 per thousand in 1990s. Females that were ideal are coming to the garments industry. About one million females are now working in the garments industry. Per catia income rises from Tk.3066 in 1980/84 to Tk.11284 in 1996/97.

The following table and graph show the economic growth of Bangladesh over recent seven years.

Rate of Growth of Gross Domestic Product

Year	Growth Rate of GDP(%)
1990/91	3.4
1991/92	4.2
1992/93	4.5
1993/94	4.2
1994/95	4.4
1995/96	5.3
1996/97	5.7

Table: Growth rate of GDP

(Valued at price 0f 194/85)

From aforementioned table and chart, it is evident that Bangladesh has been practicing a considerable economic growth over the past years. The growth rate given here is adjusted with the inflation rate. Actually, a country’s national economic growth depends on annual demand where savings, government spending as well the trend and overall position of surplus. Such surplus depend on the difference between balance of export and import. Export done more in a year, the nature of consumer price index becomes positive and inflation rate may prevail in favorable side.

Process of delivery of teaching

There is no denying the fact that in view of the criteria of teaching quality, the most impelling cognitive purposes for which discussion should be used are: To expose learners to a diversity of perspectives on issue, topic or theme. To help learners to externalize the assumptions underlying their values, beliefs, and actions. To assist learners in perspective taking, i.e. in coming to see the world as others see it. And last of all to introduce learners to elements of complexity and ambiguity in an issue, topic, or theme.

Process of delivery in respect of the lecture can be explained as follows:

· To plan for a teaching environment

· To standardize the limit of in sequence

· To verbalize clearly, loudly enough, and at pace appropriate for the learner group.

· To use a conversational rather than pedantic, authoritative tone.

· To look at people and their activities to behave

· To Keep moving, but one should don’t overdo anything

· To complement the lecture with other instructional methods

The teacher should have a special look on the anatomy of a lecture which tentatively envisages the following:

· To say a lot about a little

· To use a lot of examples to explain the topics

· To Keep moving and continue further until or unless the queries stop.

· To recapitulate on variety of enquiries that eventually may happen

. In preparing discussion materials, the steps of discussion which are important may be replicated as follows:

· Argumentative Themes

· Resource Materials

· Consensual Rules

· Personalizing Discussion Topics

· The Group’s Composition

· Facilitating Discussion

In regard to facilitate discussion: one should knowledge on the following criteria:

· To be conversant with standardized approaches

· To use a diversity of approaches

· To congregate the unanticipated.

· To attend to the emotional dimension

· To be authentic in the group.

Mentorship:

The Mentor approach was first explored as the embodiment of wisdom and guardian of young Telemachus in the Odyssey. In recent years they wedged the public imagination in Gail Sheehy’s Passages (1979). There is now even an international association of mentors and a journal.

Mentors support their students:

· To call out the inner voice

· To provide apposite structure

· To express positive expectations

· To advocate and explain

Mentors can challenge their students by focusing the following aspects of learning.

· By assigning relevant tasks to motivate the students/participants to learn

· By providing an alternative voice so that the students become curious to learn.

· By helping students to identify their assumptions how far they have learnt the topics as assigned

· By encouraging hypothetical thinking on the jobs either practical or theoretical

· By providing specific positive feedback depending on both from participants and the teachers.

· By offering a map to widen the spirit of knowledge about the geography, history, culture and heritage of a particular place.

· By keeping a definitive and virtual tradition for analytical survey assignment.

· By suggest a separate forum of suggestions obtained from a definitive project work

Henceforth, the role of mentor is very important for perpetual teaching. For effective and perpetual teaching, a mentor should identify the area of weakness of the students and accordingly he should plan for course scheduling so that the course is vitally effective and up to the mark. A mentor is a key person with which course materials; course scheduling and evaluation sheets are prepared for the proper feedback from the participants. Hence the Poet Robert Frost says:

“The wood is lovely, dark and deep

I have promises to keep

And I have miles to go before I sleep

And I have miles to go before I sleep”

Erudition indenture

There is no denying the fact that learning contract is a method that is used to individualize the learning process. A learning contract is a formal agreement written by a learner which details what will be learnt, how the learning will be accomplished, the time period involved and the specific evaluation criteria used in judging the completion of learning.

Two types of learning contracts: learner constructs entire contract and learner constructs most or part of contract. A learning contract comprises five parts:

· Learning goal: It illustrates a definitive target which needs to fulfill. A student should have an special goal to proceed ahead with a particular target.

· Learning wherewithal and approach: A good teacher should have an approach with which he or she will continue learning process perpetually.

· Objective date of achievement: The fundamental needs of teaching is to proceed step by step with which meaningful learning experience is a vital thing.

· Verification of success: This process is contemplated by memorization and checking with good sense of comprehending.

· Assessment of the erudition: For successful teaching, evaluation from the teachers and the students are important. The helps the management for further planning of course development.

Lecture phenomena:

Lecture is a justifiable instructional system for use by adult tutoring practitioners.

Lecture can be used when the rationale is to:

· At hand information is vitally important in an organized way within an specified time framework

· To provide a framework for Present information in an organized way within a structured time frame.

· To provide a framework for learning activities and further course of study which need to be followed tentatively

· To Identify, explain and clarify difficult concepts, problems or ideas.

· To highlight the critique of topics under a controversial issue

· To demonstrate relationship for proper integration between previously learned and newly informed criteria of teaching.

· Model a creative mind at work, an expert’s thought process as the lecturer thinks out loud.

· To challenge beliefs, attitudes and behaviors of the learners

· To accelerate a Stimulus or inspired mood among the students for further development of the study.

In view of the above, it is evident that the material may be presented in a clear, precise, and orderly format and it is a well-known and acceptable method. It should be useful for participants who will not or cannot use printed materials. It may be used in large groups and it provides for face-to-face contact with a talking, gesturing, and feeling human beings. It is often easier for participants to listen than to read. The speaker can use the lecture to stimulate and motivate the audience to further study and inquiry.

A good method of teaching

A superlative teacher desires to be well conversant about using the language very appropriate to the children. It is obligatory to create awareness and congenial atmosphere on the part of a teacher. In order to widen lecture, group debate is a vital obsession. As a teacher, we have to make certain that group presentation is effectual. In respect of the qualities of a good teacher, he or she must decide on any method to educate the students but according to Franchise Bacon, most of the good teachers opt for the sixth Rule of teaching that is ‘ Repeat, Recap, Review ‘ which is the nearly all noteworthy one to make the teaching fundamentally proficient, earth-shattering, prolific and up to the mark

The reasons in support of the argument are stated as follows.

(a) Repeat: According to Franchise Bacon, ‘when you notify something in the class to a group of students, it is only a motto but when you summarize it, reiterate it and ask the question on the steps forward, it will be interacted and if you further emphasize the concept, they will be conversant with the relevant knowledge’. Indeed, incase of delivering an important message, if it is stated once-only 10% will be memorized but if it is stated 6 times then 90% are memorized after one year. So, reiteration/repetition is the most important tools for the teaching to make the topics memorable. If the message is not remembered and comprehensible then the whole thing will be treated as useless.

(b) Recap: It is by and large meant by recap to go over again the imperative point of the relevant contents. Using FULLE-R and VHF for better memorization can do the recap. As the first events are best memorized so to start with big message. Thereafter unusual event like cartoon, exercise etc. be used. Thirdly, linked event, here mnemonics or analogy can be used and lastly to end with big messages of fascination towards the topics. In this context, summing up the ideas to arrive the conclusion that is the gist in question to be communicated to the students as a good communicator of the teaching course. We should remember one thing that ‘ Telling is not teaching; we need to make teaching active and interesting; get students involved; see it from the student’s view; we should use VHF and FULL-R. According to Comoneus, an eminent educationist, for an successful teaching, ‘only lecture is irrelevant but in order to adorn it for better memorization, ideal approach, manifestation, visual display and varieties of attractions of the students are considered necessary.

Review: A proverb always goes like ‘ To err is human’. It is human temperament to put out of our mind the things/message, which is not reviewed that are we losing what we don’t review. To review we are to regularly sum up where we have reached and invited questions. At the end of every topics if the teacher repeats, recap and review, ask questions and help them to answer properly, the students will be more motivated and conversant with the subjects and grasp it properly so that teaching will be effective and fruitful. That is to say, a teacher’s behavior will be in such, which must attract the students for effective and efficient teaching. Hence it is widely recognized that apropos to the teaching method, the following are important to apply in teaching the students virtually.

1. Telling is not teaching

2. Age is not a bar to learn

3. Meaningful learning experience

4. Voice, image and body use

5. Practical Orientation

6. Repeat, Recap and Review

In conveying lecture, there are boundaries, which may create impediment to learning on the part of the students. Sometimes the lecture may be seamy and tedious due to non-stop saying. If there is waterlessness amongst the students, the teacher should modify the policy of his lecture. He should ask open-ended questions. Open ended question help get students drawn in. Assuming to know a scrupulous thing, one may get fascinated if he is intended to know those fastidious items. An ideal teacher needs to be well clued-up about using the language. It is indispensable to create wakefulness and agreeable atmosphere on the part of a teacher. Or else, we have to live in the midst of dissatisfaction and unauthorized activities where there will be no light of education as a symbol of blaze illumination and peace and prosperity of life. In this context, William Shakespeare says:

“Out! Out! A brief candle,

A life’s but a walking shadow,

A poor player!

That struts and frets his hour

Upon the stage!

And then is heard no more,

It is a tale;

Told by an idiot,

It is full of sound and fury;

Signifying nothing.”

Modern-day Techniques of Quality Teaching

Teaching consists in exchange of views, expressions and overall knowledge between the learners and the teachers where a teacher is bound to act as a good communicator in the class. He should have meaningful learning experience with which he would deliver his skills by virtue of his model of gesture which are accepted by the learners virtually. A learner must have a feeling of inquisitiveness with which an open ended question between the two–one is a teacher and another one is the participant who can ask question relevant to the topics specified to the teaching as generalized in the class. One criterion of techniques of teaching is ‘Telling is not a teaching’ for which ‘Repeat, Recap and Review’ are important for effective teaching.

There are various techniques of teaching which may be spelled out as follows:

Questionnaires followed by analytical persuasion:

There is no denying the fact that Questioning is an important ingredient of everyday communication which accelerates teaching very qualitative and answerable. Education based questions are poles apart from everyday questions. The underlying principles of creative question are as follows:

· To achieve unknown thing from the learner’s participation in class

· To determine the dimension of knowledge what the learner knows about the topics.

· To highlight attention of the learner.

· To lead discussions among the participants with relevant idea, feelings and persuasions.

· To review and recap the relevant issue in order to make subject matter more intensive and clear.

· To kindle philosophy about the topics more profoundly with deep seated manner.

· To check the learner’s comprehension of topics roofed in the class.

The Questioning procedure may be applied in the following manner.

· To ask a question first to draw attention of the teachers and other participants in a congenial atmosphere of teaching

· The participant would ask question with general courtesy and definitive pause

· To call on one learner by name, if the system of communication starts as per familiarization and acquaintances as a rule

· The teacher should listen to the answer and try to focus the drawbacks very tactfully and mildly.

To emphasize the exact answer to the question that has been reflected in the class.

The teacher should be well conversant on the topics to be discussed in the class with meaningful learning experience with which a model of teaching will be developed in the class. In this context, Bloom’s taxonomy of questions may be classified as follows:

· Knowledge: It is virtue in the sense all the qualities of goodness flourish by dint of acquiring knowledge.

· Comprehension: It means clear understanding which focuses a learner to be more intimated with the topics he is entrusted to solve, create and deepen the theme analytically to learn virtually.

· Application: He can seek answers more analytically with which his wide spread knowing persuasion can be fulfilled

· Analysis: It is a critical means of focusing the unknown things by cultivation of intensive study of the relevant topics.

· Synthesis: It means creativeness which come from the feeling of inquisitiveness in respect of the students.

· Evaluation: it is a check on trial and error basis with which a student can improve in course of time.

Erudition indenture:

Learning contract is a method that is used to individualize the learning process. A learning contract is a formal agreement written by a learner which details what will be learnt, how the learning will be accomplished, the time period involved and the specific evaluation criteria used in judging the completion of learning.

Two types of learning contracts: learner constructs entire contract and learner constructs most or part of contract.. A learning contract comprises five parts:

· Learning goal

· Learning wherewithal and approach

· objective date of achievement

· verification of success

· assessment of the erudition

Lecture phenomena:

Lecture is a justifiable instructional system for use by adult tutoring practitioners.

Lecture can be used when the rationale is to:

· At hand information is vitally important in an organized way within an specified time framework

· To provide a framework for Present information in an organized way within a structured time frame.

· To provide a framework for learning activities and further course of study which need to be followed tentatively

· To Identify, explain and clarify difficult concepts, problems or ideas.

· To highlight the critique of topics under a controversial issue

· To demonstrate relationship for proper integration between previously learned and newly informed criteria of teaching.

· Model a creative mind at work, an expert’s thought process as the lecturer thinks out loud.

· To challenge beliefs, attitudes and behaviors of the learners

· To accelerate a Stimulus or inspired mood among the students for further development of the study..

Feed back of the lecture procedure:

The material may be presented in a clear, precise, and orderly format and it is a well-known and acceptable method. It should be useful for participants who will not or cannot use printed materials. It may be used in large groups and it provides for face-to-face contact with a talking, gesturing, and feeling human beings. It is often easier for participants to listen than to read. The speaker can use the lecture to stimulate and motivate the audience to further study and inquiry.

Process of delivery in respect of the lecture can be explained as follows:

· To plan for a teaching environment

· To standardize the limit of in sequence

· To verbalize clearly, loudly enough, and at pace appropriate for the learner group.

· To use a conversational rather than pedantic, authoritative tone.

· To look at people and their activities to behave

· To Keep moving, but one should don’t overdo anything

· To complement the lecture with other instructional methods

The teacher should have a special look on the anatomy of a lecture which tentatively envisages the following:

· To say a lot about a little

· To use a lot of examples to explain the topics

· To Keep moving and continue further until or unless the queries stop.

· To recapitulate on variety of enquiries that eventually may happen

In view of the above criteria of teaching quality, the most impelling cognitive purposes for which discussion should be used are: To expose learners to a diversity of perspectives on issue, topic or theme. To help learners to externalize the assumptions underlying their values, beliefs, and actions. To assist learners in perspective taking, i.e. in coming to see the world as others see it. To introduce learners to elements of complexity and ambiguity in an issue, topic, or theme. In preparing discussion materials, the steps of discussion which are important may be replicated as follows:

· Argumentative Themes

· Resource Materials

· Consensual Rules

· Personalizing Discussion Topics

· The Group’s Composition

· Facilitating Discussion

In regard to facilitate discussion: one should knowledge on the following criteria:

· To be conversant with standardized approaches

· To use a diversity of approaches

· To congregate the unanticipated.

· To attend to the emotional dimension

· To be authentic in the group.

Mentorship:

The Mentor approach was first explored as the embodiment of wisdom and guardian of young Telemachus in the Odyssey. In recent years they wedged the public imagination in Gail Sheehy’s Passages (1979). There is now even an international association of mentors and a journal.

Mentors support their students:

· To call out the inner voice

· To provide apposite structure

· To express positive expectations

· To advocate and explain

Mentors can challenge their students by focusing the following aspects of learning.:

· By assigning relevant tasks to motivate the students/participants to learn

· By providing an alternative voice so that the students become curious to learn.

· By helping students to identify their assumptions how far they have learnt the topics as assigned

· By encouraging hypothetical thinking on the jobs either practical or theoretical

· By providing specific positive feedback depending on both from participants and the teachers.

· By offering a map to widen the spirit of knowledge about the geography, history, culture and heritage of a particular place.

· By keeping a definitive and virtual tradition for analytical survey assignment.

· By suggest a separate forum of suggestions obtained from a definitive project work

A superlative teacher desires to be well conversant about using the language very appropriate to the children. It is obligatory to create awareness and congenial atmosphere on the part of a teacher. In order to widen lecture, group debate is a vital obsession. As a teacher, we have to make certain that group presentation is effectual. In respect of the qualities of a good teacher, he or she must decide on any method to educate the students but according to Franchise Bacon, most of the good teachers opt for the sixth Rule of teaching that is ‘ Repeat, Recap, Review ‘ which is the nearly all noteworthy one to make the teaching fundamentally proficient, earth-shattering, prolific and up to the mark

The reasons in support of the argument are stated as follows.

(a) Repeat: According to Franchise Bacon, ‘when you notify something in the class to a group of students, it is only a motto but when you summarize it, reiterate it and ask the question on the steps forward, it will be interacted and if you further emphasize the concept, they will be conversant with the relevant knowledge’. Indeed, incase of delivering an important message, if it is stated once-only 10% will be memorized but if it is stated 6 times then 90% are memorized after one year. So, reiteration/repetition is the most important tools for the teaching to make the topics memorable. If the message is not remembered and comprehensible then the whole thing will be treated as useless.

(b) Recap: It is by and large meant by recap to go over again the imperative point of the relevant contents. Using FULLE-R and VHF for better memorization can do the recap. As the first events are best memorized so to start with big message. Thereafter unusual event like cartoon, exercise etc. be used. Thirdly, linked event, here mnemonics or analogy can be used and lastly to end with big messages of fascination towards the topics. In this context, summing up the ideas to arrive the conclusion that is the gist in question to be communicated to the students as a good communicator of the teaching course. We should remember one thing that ‘ Telling is not teaching; we need to make teaching active and interesting; get students involved; see it from the student’s view; we should use VHF and FULL-R. According to Comoneus, an eminent educationist, for an successful teaching, ‘only lecture is irrelevant but in order to adorn it for better memorization, ideal approach, manifestation, visual display and varieties of attractions of the students are considered necessary.

Review: A proverb always goes like ‘ To err is human’. It is human temperament to put out of our mind the things/message, which is not reviewed that are we losing what we don’t review. To review we are to regularly sum up where we have reached and invited questions. At the end of every topics if the teacher repeats, recap and review, ask questions and help them to answer properly, the students will be more motivated and conversant with the subjects and grasp it properly so that teaching will be effective and fruitful. That is to say, a teacher’s behavior will be in such, which must attract the students for effective and efficient teaching. Hence it is widely recognized that apropos to the teaching method, the following are important to apply in teaching the students virtually.

1. Telling is not teaching

2. Age is not a bar to learn

3. Meaningful learning experience

4. Voice, image and body use

5. Practical Orientation

6. Repeat, Recap and Review

In conveying lecture, there are boundaries, which may create impediment to learning on the part of the students. Sometimes the lecture may be seamy and tedious due to non-stop saying. If there is waterlessness amongst the students, the teacher should modify the policy of his lecture. He should ask open-ended questions. Open ended question help get students drawn in. Assuming to know a scrupulous thing, one may get fascinated if he is intended to know those fastidious items. An ideal teacher needs to be well clued-up about using the language. It is indispensable to create wakefulness and agreeable atmosphere on the part of a teacher. Or else, we have to live in the midst of dissatisfaction and unauthorized activities where there will be no light of education as a symbol of blaze illumination and peace and prosperity of life. In this context, William Shakespeare says:

“Out! Out! A brief candle,

A life’s but a walking shadow,

A poor player!

That struts and frets his hour

Upon the stage!

And then is heard no more,

It is a tale;

Told by an idiot,

It is full of sound and fury;

Signifying nothing.”