The Socio-economic conditions of South Asian Regions

In comparison with other region, although the South Asian states are poor, but the poverty level is not same among the countries. Pakistan and Sri Lanka are the less poor. India also belongs to developing country bloc even Bangladesh is also included in it but Nepal, Bhutan and Maldives are belonging to least developed group. For that reason there prevails some heterogeneity in their attitude towards the donor. It is very difficult for the least developed countries of South Asia to face the pressure of donor in the same way as Pakistan and India do. There role as regards international organisation is also different to some extent. The desire for better living standard and increased national power led the South Asian countries to seek peripheral assistance soon after they achieved independence. All SAARC states are more or less aid reliant. Although it is a commonality among the South Asian states, but it does not help to enhance their regional co-operation. The rationale is that for official aid, private foreign investment from industrialised countries they are the competitors. They are adversely affected by world terms of trade; face somewhat similar balance of payment and balance of trade problems. All have high debt-servicing liability. Although poverty level is not same in all member countries of SAARC but poverty is the main problem of South Asian economy. Alleviation of poverty may be considered as the main motive force behind their launching the South Asian Preferential Trading Arrangement (SAPTA). As many as 47 percent of the world’s poor live in the South Asian region, in terms of income levels. GNP per capita in this region ranges between US$ 180 to US$ 390

It may be pointed out that the free market doctrine now appears to have become the new orthodoxy in all the South Asian countries; even though each country is relevant to compete with other both in terms of liberalisation of trade and offering attractive packages of incentives for foreign investment, but this attitude is the reflection of their realisation of changing international economic relations. Economic and trade co-operation are the most vital parts of regional co-operation in the present day international relations. The follow of export-import gets affected when economic relations between or among the countries are mostly unequal. The economic relations among the countries are affected as the political relations among the countries are inimical to each other. The adverse political atmosphere do not help to liberalise trade barriers. On the other hand, too much diversity is not congenial for effective economic and trade co-operation among the SAARC countries. Here the co-operation of India and Pakistan is necessary prerequisite for effective economic integration.

The end of cold war has changed the whole scenario of international relationship. It illustrates that economic pre-eminence is very much needed to become a real power. After cold war three economic blocs the United States, the European Community and Japan have emerged. The end of cold war also helped to unite the Europe again. Eastern Europe is no longer exists as a separate socio-economic entity. All these have an impact on North-South relations. Under the new international order the developing countries have been further marginalised. This has significantly affected the countries in South Asia. In this changed circumstances, if the South Asian countries still remain in their old bilateral conflict they will not be able to play any sort of role in global order.

The adverse effects of smoking and drug addicts

We should be spending taxpayer’s money by way of treating with the self infected disease by dealing poor life styles. Illness related to smoking as well as drug addicts is very expensive. In U.K., France, Germany, China and USA, it results in the loss of about 60 millions working days a year, treatment costs several hundreds thousands dollar a day, and it causes the death of over a million people a week. However, those who give up smoking greatly reduce their chances of developing diseases. There exists a remarkable extent of evidence that a variety of awful diseases emerge often in smokers and tremendous drug addicts, these are: Lung cancer; emphysema causing thinning and weakening of lung tissue; cancer of the mouth, throat, larynx, gullet, bladder, and pancreas; coronary thrombosis causing snarl-up of arteries to the heart; angina pectoris causing pain due to contraction of arteries to the heart; and chronic bronchitis with phlegm. Moreover, Smoking emerge due to delay in healing of stomach ulcers; it trims down the senses of smell and taste; slows down reflexes which causes smokers more prone to accidents; and gives an unpleasant smell from the breath, clothes, and homes of smokers. For all these reasons, the people of drug addicts suffer tremendously as well as mentally for which they deal poor life styles.

In view of the above, it is evident that a huge amount of money is involved for treatment of self creating diseases which are the mischievous hazards of life. In western world, they spend to pay taxpayers money which is the complete misuse on the part of the parents, youths and professionals. Due to continuous practice in taking drugs, one becomes the sufferer of heart disease and coronary infections. Leukemia is such disease where whole body infection takes place and cancer causing substances slowly get into the blood for which lives of the people become distorted and miserable.

The critique of South Asian Regions

There is no denying the fact that, among the countries of South Asian Regions, India has to change its present dominant attitude in the region. It have to prove by its attitude that it has no hegemonic desire in the smaller South Asian countries. Moreover, all the members must move closer to each other in terms of positive interaction; all should learn from each others experience and should avoid, as far as possible, a confliction course. But first India should prove that it has really wants to help its smaller neighbours. Taking note of the fact that the countries of the region are widely dissimilar in respect of resource endowment, level of economic development, per capita incomes, and living standards, co-operative efforts must be accompanied by appropriate safeguards for the smaller and economically weaker partners. If India and Pakistan can ask for favoured treatment from Western countries, then they have to extend such type of favour towards their weaker partners. If India and Pakistan (larger and economically stronger in South Asia) takes greater responsibility, the smaller and the less fortunate ones will not feel deprive of the benefits of co-operation.

The countries have some commonality which can be helpful for greater co-operation among them. Their common heritage and culture, common economic problem and common administrative system can help them to work together. It is encouraging that two main contender of power in South Asia, India and Pakistan, have already started their bilateral negotiation. Although there exists lot of suspicion, but some are hopeful that in the changed international order both of the country perhaps realised that their past conflict caused great damage to their economy without doing any help to their common people. It is also encouraging that India lastly has agreed indirectly to include Kashmir issue in their bilateral negotiation. If they really able to solve their bilateral problem, then some diversity among the South Asian countries will be solved easily. Although the desire for democratic government is a common attitude of South Asian people, which can be helpful for effective regional integration. But evidence from all the countries of South Asia suggests that the democratic process is still far from secure. Movement by the people have been instrumental in toppling authoritarian regimes and forcing popular elections, but thereafter the masses appear to have been marginalised. Despite the transition to democracy, the class composition of the leadership has remained very much the same.

In view of the above light, it is significant that the cream of the crop that was connected with totalitarian regimes is too high-flying in the new government. So the changeover to democracy was not an absolute trounce of the leaders of totalitarian government. The real reassign of power is the outcome of intercession sandwiched between old and the new privileged. An additional predicament is that intelligibility and responsibility is lacking within South Asian parliamentary government. A different setback is that in South Asia state unmoving leftovers the benefactor of wherewithal. Those funds are remains at the removal of state to keep alive the power of declaration class. The state is still a foremost source of capital to the modern sector through the public development investment institutions and public sector banks. There is little confirmation of any transform in the background of government somewhere in the region. They have to ponder over about the constitution of state. Having an important effect to the regional integration will require a essential reshuffle of the economy bedded on reciprocated advantage for all the countries. Cream of the crop resistance is a predicament to reorganization the economy and massive political will is essential for such huge amount of task. For this reasons, fashionable hold up needs to be enhanced.

The conflicts of Ethnic group of South Asian Regions

Like chalk and cheese, the ethnic groups in South Asians regions, sometimes creates insurgency problems in South Asia. This is one of the reasons of distrust between the South Asian states. As India charges Bangladesh for providing arms to Indian ethnic groups who are skirmishing for autonomy; on the other hand, Bangladesh blames India for philanthropic shelter and arms to Bangladeshi insurgents. An ethnic crisis between Tamil and Sinhalese creates bottlenecks between Sri Lanka and India. It is common trust in Sri Lanka that Indian support for Tamil people has shaped this ethnic crisis. In relation to broaden our horizons, Indian ethnic groups sometime create domestic crisis, which has stern impacts in other countries of the region.

Language differentiation creates hazards of communication among the South Asian people. If we glance at Latin America, we observe that Spanish is a widespread language there, which helps build up better communication among the countries. On the other hand, in South Asia, most of the states have more than one language. For case in point, people in the south India do not appreciate Hindi and Hindi interpolation people often do not realize other languages. Sometime it creates separation movement also. For example when Urdu was declared as the state language of Pakistan, the Bengali people in the eastern wing of Pakistan started their language movement, which eventually became the separation movement. Similarly, when Sinhalese was declared as the state language of Sri Lanka, the Tamil minorities started their separation movement from Sri Lanka.

As compared to other regions, the differences in size and population are very high among the South Asian countries. The disparities between India and the other states are striking. India’s protective size is nearly four times that of Pakistan and its population is five times larger than Pakistan. India’s region is more than three thousand times as large as that of Maldives and the difference in population is similar. Bhutan is also a very small country as compared to India. The great diversity in size, population creates predicament and as such India is not only bigger than other members of SAARC, but is also bigger than all the others put together. This creates psychological problem for the smaller countries. In the region India, Pakistan and Bangladesh have access to the sea, Sri Lanka and Maldives are island states and Nepal and Bhutan are land locked. Indian protestation is a predicament for Nepal to take pleasure in transit services has accessible by Bangladesh. The Geographical locations of Nepal and Bhutan have made them dependent upon India. For example, in 1979, the Janata government of India removed its objection of transit facility to Nepal. After that Nepal established a transit liaison office at Chittagong (Bangladesh port) to handle its export and imports from overseas countries via Bangladesh. Geographical differences of south Asia are such that India separates one smaller neighbour from the other. All countries of South Asia have common boundaries with India, except Sri Lanka and Maldives. A geographical difference increases the level of difficulty in multi-lateral negotiation for solving common problems, particularly such common problems as the sharing of water resources, and controlling pollution which require co-operation from more than two co-members. Territoriality is an issue which has in the past created irreconcilable problem of sovereignty leading to three wars between two co-members. Territorial disputes continue to cloud the relationship between India and Pakistan, and India and Bangladesh. The opinionated heterogeneity in the midst of the SAARC states greatly hold back effective regional co-operation in South Asia. The political issues are not in attendance in SAARC schedule. It is the most vital issue whose resolution is very smooth mixture obligatory for helpful regional integration in South Asia. Political diversity can be seen in relation to:

a) philosophical values of supremacy;

b) Issue of confliction ;

c) opinionated security;

d) parliamentary system;

e) potential critics to resist the regional domination;

f) menace discernment;

g) legitimate arrangements and

h) Attitudes of verdict in question of honour and security.

Political interests among the South Asian states are highly diverse. As has been verbatim earlier, both India and Pakistan are very big in size and power in comparison with other smaller states. For that reason their political interest is also different from other member states of SAARC. Identification of common interests is a very difficult task in the region.

Sleaze

God has boosted people to the terrain with all crucial things fundamentally imperative for their endurance. God has also bestowed upon them some rules for leading their lives controlled and cleanly and as such he has accordingly bestowed upon some rules and regulation so that human beings can lead his life by following these instructions like complete code of every well beings of eternity virtually and ideally. If they go out of these rules, they become flummoxed what to do. Corruption lies in rendering services in the field of both private and public sector. When a man degenerates himself, he stigmatizes himself by entering into the world of diffuseness as well as fallacious from where he can never get rid of. He commits crime, such as smuggling, robbing, murdering, snatching and dilapidation etc. Failure waits for him everywhere. Even if, he is attracted by innumerable but deadly forbidden things. Being educated, he becomes addicted to evil works in society. He knows that it is the transient and allusion of worldly affairs, which has no eternal value in the real sense. In many times, it is observed that he becomes ambitious and many harmful activities are performed in social life. He knows that being corrupt and heinous work, the society cannot consider him as an evil person; never the less; every body is in the way to run after such outlawed things. In many times the terror leaders welcome him and encourage him to do the forbidden things. Thus a person becomes the leader of the country and occupies a very influential position in the society by doing all the forbidden things like bribing, mal practicing and thieving. Hence forth, it is seen that from every branches of the Government corruption is a common phenomenon for which the nation would like to lead a healthy life. Bangladesh is a highly colonized country and as such the double entendre among her resources and needs are prevailing every time to a great extent. Due to spinelessness of wealth, here one-fourth people cannot satisfy their daily needs for which no one is satisfied with his family life. It is a very difficult doohickey for someone to get a job, as there are fewer vacancies in offices, industries and so on. When people cannot find any occupation or job for earning their livelihood, they do not get any alternative measures except committing crimes. So unemployment is a reason for being a criminal and the opportunist apply this sense in evil manner and influence him to do the job of mischievous and heinous deeds for which he remains depleted through out his whole life.

‘Death of a Salesman’, a process of ressurection

Recently, I have gone through a book named ‘Death of a Sales man” by Arthur Miller who has tried to bring about a contrast of feelings of a man who had a long cherished desire to be entrenched in life for bright future by rendering services of a sales man. But as ill luck would have it, he was not being able to reach his goal. The author in this book has allegorized some loss of distinctions of American Society where an honest and sincere man can not fulfill his mission to survive on earth. The book deals with some factors where a man working as a salesman find his fortune illuminated as well as trimmed in respect of money and wealth. The hero of the book is Willy Looman who had taken a job of a Salesman in a reputed industry of America with which he wanted to lead his life with glistening future. In American society, a person who takes the job of a salesman can see his bright lot because; this type of job is very lucrative and fascinating for any people in the so-called civilized society.

In his early age, he has taken the job of a salesman and as such he has seen dreams to be great by creeping up the ladder of ascending in the high strips of social life. But, in this respect, his speculations as applied in his case were implanted on uncertain and out of his doctrines as well as the philosophy of the extreme bent with age. The ideals in which he was being able to reach his goal were utterly the product of different culture and heritage. He had his wife and two sons for whom he was encountered to bring them up in a proper way but all his attempts were in vain due to his honesty and ideal emblem in dealing with his superiors and colleagues. But the people whom he was always ventured upon did not like this discernment. According to the author, he did never adopt unfairmeans to climb the ladder of a good and honorable position from where he wanted to make something constructive for the bright future of his children. Happy and Biff were his sons whom he had uncommon love and affectionate had tried his heart and soul to make them happy in a significant manner. Biff, being his eldest son asked his father to lead life like others inclined to be rich and wealthy over night following the rules to satisfy the superiors in an illegal manner. Willy was a responsible person for which he had never hankered after ill money and rather he led his life in a sophisticated manner with which he had to suffer a lot in both mentally and physically. He worked hard during his lifetime and he had travailed in distant places for the sake of his profession. Arthur Miller was only the personality who understood the modern philosophy of life and the culture as traditionally reflected in the form of social conflicts and contrasts spontaneously. He introduced two trends of conflicts that were of tragedy and the ill treatment of upper class society and their callous gluttony. Death of a Salesman was a play of misfortunes and social conflicts that were accepted by American Society. If we umpire the frustrations and screaming of Willy’s mind, we will find such way of human psychology which is tremendously extensive and critical in due sense of social friction. In this connection, Willy’s life has been personified with flower, leaf, dream and grass by bringing a tremendous metaphor, which show the realms of his long frustrated life.

 

Willy Looman was a silent worker who had created his own world of livelihood for which he had no complaint against the authority responsible for his well beings and rights for survival. He had seen his colleagues very new in the job of salesmanship, but they got promotion and bright future despite their lacking in skillfulness in the profession .He, on the verge of infirmity of age, submitted an appeal to David Wagner, his boss that he would like to get a job of an Office Assistant where he might get mental satisfaction. Having heard this, his boss flew into a rage and informed his inability of doing so and consequently, he was so much agitated that made him swayed to die. In the last part of the story, Willy’s whole life was bedded on wrong persuasion and due to such similar ideology, his eldest son Biff said that his father’s whole life was filled with wrongs. This is a great question for us, which teaches us that no man in this world should be neglected and it is our sacred responsibility to show our best regards for the oppressed people in the society who are down trodden and are suffering from deprivation and ill-treatment of the people who create difference amongst people. Arthur Miller was an author who minutely judged the dissimilarities of social life and tried to reflect in his literary creativity virtually. We claim that we are the citizens of modern society but we don’t care for a man who is really a rare resource personnel to develop our country and whose contribution needs to be recognized by the people who are in power for implementation of one’s model or their realms in particular field. It is our shame that we are afraid to face the challenge of reality, which Willy was unable to win over all misfortunes and injustice like Wagner and others that tidied him. If we look forward the socioeconomic condition of the civilized nation, we will observe that many people are swindled to one’s prey of callous gluttony and tyrannized system of ruling for which he has to suffer whole life and his family. We are the creations of one creator who has urged to establish equal justice and rights of the people but we forget in every step in our duties and responsibilities.

Arthur Miller in his famous book, death of a salesman has intensified the ideals of a real man that are the sole devotees of religion, model of real life situation and moral obligation in most predominating manner. In the society of America, any one can cherish high ambition of bright future after entering in the service of salesmanship but in the case of Willy, the opposite thing happened what had flabbergasted the people of the civilized domain who need reforms of society in a systematic manner. In fine, he had been deprived and deviated from being embedded with higher rank as promotion enjoying social status. The author has criticized American society that with the end of a man’s future, the futures of his other members of his family were nipped in the bud. The author has critically examined the supplication of Willy looman and expressed his comments in favour of his modesty contributing the beauty of life. The author Miller has collected materials from social surroundings where men women relationships and philosophy of reality and the realms of survival are coherent on earth by bringing a factual contrasts of feeling of mankind. He reaffirmed some literary objects in the pages of his mind, which acted like the mirrors of social unrest and evils committed by them. The author has envisaged a different critic who was like a brief candle whose survival depends on a little fuel and when it is finished, he will no more exist on earth. A man burnt with mental distortions can not create his own image in social life because he has travelled in wrong way. In this connection, Robert Frost says,”

“Two roads diverged in a wood,

I took the one – less travelled by

And this has made all the difference “

 

In view of the above, it is obvious that Willy had a separate world to roam about into the shadow of a moving life. He was in the habit of purposing such a manner on the ground that he had failed to switch over the difficulties. The authority wanted him to be punctual in dealing with modern self-absorption that is reflected as the realm of dishonesty and insincerity. I like this book because I have found honesty of Willy’s heart that had not hunched down to the sacrificial stone of the authority of injustice and distortion. Willy’s heart was craving for impartiality and honesty but the people of modern American society had not performed anything good and mundane for his prolific achievement in the society rather they denounced him for honesty and reality towards carrying out his tasks in toto. In this context, a few lines of William Shakespeare are worth mentioning:

 

” Out! Out! Brief candle

A life’s but a walking shadows

A poor player!

That struts and frets his hour upon the stage

And then is heard no more, it’s a tale

Told by an idiot, it is full of sound and fury

Signifying nothing “

My idea of a good teacher-3

In delivering lecture, there are limitations, which may create hindrance to learning on the part of the students. Sometimes the lecture may be monotonous and boring due to continuous saying. If there exists dryness amongst the students, the teacher should change the policy of his lecture. He should ask open-ended questions. Open ended questions help get the students involved. Assuming to know a particular thing, one may get interested if he is intended to know those particular items. Some of the limitations of delivering a lecture are as follows:

& To ask question for ‘Yes’/ No answer.

& Not to ask open ended question to get people involved.

& To use agitated words

& Not to say repeatedly while delivering lecture

& Not to ask meaningful questions

& To ask several question at a time

& Not to give feedback on answers yourself, or involve others

& Not to give people a chance to absorb the question and answer it.

& Not to welcome answers

& To be critical in answering and asking questions.

An ideal teacher needs to be well conversant about using the language. It is indispensable to create awareness and congenial atmosphere on the part of a teacher. The following are the different ways to improve lecture.

& To manage intersperse lecture with opportunities to challenge and discuss what is being delivered.

& To break the students into groups for exercises which develop lecture themes and need to be reported back and analysed.

& To use case studies, which challenge students to apply the teaching, they are being given.

& To use Video record teaching sessions and analyse progress and results.

& To use role plays to demonstrate examples of what is said in lectures.

& To split into teams which analyse the days lecture theme and give a resume of it on same / next day.

& To be prepared to facilitate and contribute to discussions and help groups prepare feedback.

& To develop feedback techniques on what a teacher observes groups doing.

In order to develop lecture, group discussion is a vital thing. As a teacher, we have to ensure that group performance is effective.

From the students view point, a good teacher needs to inform the following 10 golden rules of Franchise Bacon :

1. Be on time.

2. Be obedient.

3. Be courteous.

4. Don’t interrupt- one.

Teacher at a time.

Wait for the turn of the students

5. No visitors during classes/ messages on notice board.

6. Stay in your seat, be with the classes.

7. Be attentive.

8. Contribute to what is happening.

9. We are a team here – be a team layer.

10. To be particular in doing home task and taking part in active role on social and cultural affairs of the students

Apropos to the teaching method, the following are important to apply in teaching the students virtually.

1. Telling is not teaching

2. Age is not a bar to learn

3. Meaningful learning experience

4. Voice, image and body use

5. Practically oriented way of teaching

6. Repeat, Recap and Review

In view of the above, a good teacher selects any method to teach the students but according to Franchise Bacon, most of the good teachers select the sixth Rule of teaching that is ‘ Repeat, Recap, Review ‘ which is the most important one to make the teaching vitally effective, meaningful, fruitful and up to the mark

The reasons in support of the argument are stated as follows.

(a) Repeat: According to Franchise Bacon, ‘when you tell something in the class to a group of students, it is only a saying but when you recapitulate it, repeat it and ask the question on the progress, it will be interacted and if you further emphasize the concept, they will be conversant with the relevant knowledge’. Indeed, incase of delivering an important message, if it is stated once-only 10% will be memorized but if it is stated 6 times then 90% are memorized after one year. So, reiteration/repetition is the most important tools for the teaching to make the topics rememberable. If the message is not remembered and understandable then the whole thing will be treated as useless.

(b) Recap : It is generally meant by recap to go over again the vital point of the relevant contents. Using FULLE-R and VHF for better memorization can do the recap. As the first events are best memorized so to start with big message. Thereafter unusual event like cartoon, exercise etc. be used. Thirdly, linked event, here mnemonics or analogy can be used and lastly to end with big messages of fascination towards the topics. In this context, summing up the ideas to arrive the conclusion that is the gist in question to be communicated to the students as a good communicator of the teaching course. We should remember one thing that ‘ Telling is not teaching; we need to make teaching active and interesting; get students involved; see it from the student’s view; we should use VHF and FULL-R. According to Commoneus, a famous educationist, for an effective teaching, ‘only lecture is immaterial but in order to ornament it for better memorization, ideal approach, demonstration, visual display and varieties of attractions of the students are needed’

(b) Review: A proverb always goes like ‘ To err is human’. It is human nature to forget the things/message, which is not reviewed that are we losing what we don’t review. To review we are to regularly sum up where we have reached and invited questions.

At the end of every topics if the teacher repeats, recap and review, ask questions and help them to answer properly, the trainees will be more motivated and conversant with the subjects and grasp it properly so that teaching will be effective and fruitful.

According to Comoneius, a famous educationist, in order to make teaching successful, the three things are vitally important. These are good teacher, Good method and Good books. Indeed, a good teacher plays a vital role in making teaching successful.

Being a teacher, he should behave in such a way by dint of his own image, voice and body use so that interaction and transfer of behaviour between the teacher and the student are accelerated in a systematic manner.

About the image, he needs to behave like the following:

& Well-dressed

& Well rested

& He has to arrive before the students

& He has to greet the students as they arrive

& He needs to be enthusiastic about teaching

& He has to identify and help the less able students

& He should remain alert and concentrate on how his groups are behaving

& He should be an attentive listener

& He should think before he speaks

& He should remain calm and quiet

Assuming in a teaching classroom, computer class on visual FoxPro is going on. The students are feeling boring because the teacher was not well dressed and well rested. Rather he has arrived late and he has not greeted them. Some students do not understand his lecture. He is running fast. He is not identifying and helping the less able students. In this case, despite his sound knowledge in the relevant field, he may not be treated as a good teacher.

Henry Fayol defines a teacher as an active student of the student who can play very much attractive and fascinate role upon overall performances in the class. Besides this, in order to make our teaching memorable by good preparation, we need to follow as appended below apropos to the use of Voice:

& A teacher must start with Bang and end with Bang.

& In between check and interaction, a teacher should understand one thing that the students are learning.

& To plan for accurate timing

& To choose a suitable teaching methods in respect of the students and topics with a great care and to help the students to learn, especially those who are with problems.

Apropos to the use of voice one who will be teacher must be well conversant with the following :

& Trend/style of speaking

& Will the students hear you at the back?

& Will you, being a teacher ” umm” and ” aha”?

& Will you speak slowly for ” big” message?

& Whether, being a teacher, you create excitedly enthusiasm?

& Quickly to stimulate?

& Enthusiastically to stop boredom?

& Will you repeat important message?

& Will you use good examples to highlight points?

& Will you tell stories, which make important points?

& Are you sound confident and in control the class?

An ideal teacher needs to play a vital role in active leadership among the students. He needs to be careful about the criteria on Control, Guide, Consult and Facilitate.

& Control: To draw up and issue instruction, and stay with the group, closely supervising its action.

& Guide: To clarify what is required, hand over ownership to students and offer to give advice when they call you.

& Consult: To give a broad outline, ask students to discuss ideas and agree actions, using us as a separate expert reference point.

& Facilitate: To give overall direction, co-ordinate the group’s discussion and expect it to produce a progress report.

Being a teacher, our attitude may vary according to the nature of the students subject area.

Being a teacher, we need to be very careful in using our voice for effective teaching class. We need not be excited and agitated towards the students. We should give chance to ask question to the students so that transfer of behaviour is made possible in a significant manner. Sometimes, we forget that we are a teacher and we have a particular job for the students on the concept of learning. According to Francise Bacon, there are two types of learning: One is Pedagogy- children’s learning and the other is Andragoggy- Adult learning. In case of adult learning, we cannot teach anybody, we only help them to learn. So in the case of using our voice we need to be responsible and tactful. Hence Somerset Maugham says ” It is difficult to pass over the razor’s edge, but the wise say the path to salvation is hard “

Being a teacher, we should be careful in using our body. In this connection, we should bear in mind the following points:

& To think of the image we want to convey and practice and how shall we achieve it ?

& Are we neatly/comfortably dressed?

& Shall we fidget with a pen, watch, glasses, etc. ?

& Shall we avoid eye contact?

& If we make eye contact, how shall we do this ?

& Shall we sit or we stand ?

& If we sit , will it be near to/ a distance from students

& If you sit how will you use your hands and leg

That is to say, a teacher’s behaviour will be in such which must enchant the students for effective and efficient teaching.

In delivering lecture, there are limitations, which may create hindrance to learning on the part of the students. Sometimes the lecture may be monotonous and boring due to continuous saying. If there exists dryness amongst the students, the teacher should change the policy of his lecture. He should ask open-ended questions. Open ended questions help get people involved. Assuming to know a particular thing, one may get interested if he is intended to know those particular items. Some of the limitations of delivering a lecture are as follows :

& To ask question for ‘Yes’/ No answer.

& Not to ask open ended question to get people involved.

& To use agitated words

& Not to say repeatedly while delivering lecture

& Not to ask meaningful questions

& To ask several question at a time

& Not to give feedback on answers yourself, or involve others

& Not to give people a chance to absorb the question and answer it.

& Not to welcome answers

& To be critical in answering and asking questions.

An ideal teacher needs to be well conversant about using the language. It is indispensable to create awareness and congenial atmosphere on the part of a teacher. The following are the different ways to improve lecture.

& To manage intersperse lecture with opportunities to challenge and discuss what is being delivered.

& To break the students into groups for exercises which develop lecture themes and need to be reported back and analysed.

& To use case studies, which challenge students to apply the teaching, they are being given.

& To use Video record teaching sessions and analyse progress and results.

& To use role plays to demonstrate examples of what is said in lectures.

& To split into teams which analyse the days lecture theme and give a resume of it on same / next day.

& To be prepared to facilitate and contribute to discussions and help groups prepare feedback.

& To develop feedback techniques on what a teacher observes groups doing.

In order to develop lecture, group discussion is a vital thing. As a teacher, we have to ensure that group performance is effective.

My idea of good teacher- 1

An American definition of ‘Teaching’ envisages that ‘ Teaching is the consistent and effective transfer of appropriate behaviours which lead to the achievement of predetermined and specified results’. Hence in order to substantiate the purpose of teaching that is the transfer of knowledge to the students properly so that after receiving teachings they can acquire expected knowledge and pre-determined results. Hence a good teacher is he who teaches the students how to lead their lives cleanly and controlled towards acquiring knowledge. The quality of a good teacher is vitality important for ideal teachings to the students. He should know the correct way of teaching where the students are inspired to learn and devote themselves to study.

According to Comonenius, a famous educationist, in order to make teaching successful, the three things are vitally important. These are : Good teacher, Good method and Good books. Indeed, a good teacher plays a vital role in making teachings to the students successful.

Being a teacher, he should behave in such a way by dint of his own image, voice and body use so that interaction and transfer of behaviour between the teacher and the student are accelerated in a systematic manner.

About the image, he needs to behave like the following:

& Well-dressed

& Well rested

& He has to arrive before the students

& He has to greet the students as they arrive

& He needs to be enthusiastic about teaching in relevant field

& He has to identify and help the less able students

& He should remain alert and concentrate on how his students are behaving

& He should be an attentive listener

& He should think before he speaks

& He should remain calm and quiet

Assuming in a teaching classroom, computer class on Visual Basic is going on. The students are feeling boring because the teacher was not well dressed and well rested. Rather he has arrived late and he has not greeted them. Some students do not understand his lecture. He is running fast. He is not identifying and helping the less able students. In this case, despite his sound knowledge in the relevant field, he may not be treated as a good teacher. Henry Fayol defines a teacher as an active student of the students who can play very much attractive and fascinate role upon overall performances in the class. Besides this, in order to make our teachings memorable by good preparation, we need to follow as appended below apropos to the use of Voice:

& A teacher must start with Bang and end with Bang.

& In between check and interaction, a teacher should understand one thing that the students are learning.

& To plan for accurate timing

& To choose a suitable teaching methods in respect of the students and topics with a great care. And to help the students learn, especially those who are with problems.

Apropos to the use of voice one who will be a good teacher must be well conversant with the following:

& Trend/style of speaking

& Will the students hear you at the back?

& Will you, being a teacher ” umm” and ” aha”?

& Will you speak slowly for ” big” message?

& Whether, being a teacher, you create excitedly enthusiasm?

& Quickly to stimulate?

& Enthusiastically to stop boredom?

& Will you repeat important message?

& Will you use good examples to highlight points?

& Will you tell stories, which make important points?

& Are you sound confident and in control the class?

My idea of good teacher-2

An ideal teacher needs to play a vital role in active advisor among the students. He needs to be careful about the criteria on Control, Guide, Consult and Facilitate.

& Control: To draw up and issue instruction, and stay with the students, closely supervising its action.

& Guide to clarify what is required, hand over ownership to students and offer to give advice when they call you.

& Consult: To give a broad outline, ask students to discuss ideas and agree actions, using us as a separate expert reference point.

& Facilitate to give overall direction, co-ordinate the group’s discussion and expect it to produce a progress report.

Being a teacher, our attitude may vary according to the nature of the students subject area.

Being a teacher, we need to be very careful in using our voice for effective teaching class. A good teacher need not be excited and agitated towards the students. We should give chance to ask question to the students so that transfer of behaviour is made possible in a significant manner. Sometimes, we forget that we are a teacher and we have a particular job for the students on the concept of learning. According to Franchise Bacon, there are two types of learning: One is Pedagogy- children’s learning and the other is Andragoggy- Adult learning. In case of adult learning, we cannot teach anybody, we only help them to learn. So in the case of using our voice we need to be responsible and tactful. Hence Somerset Maugham says ” It is difficult to pass over the razor’s edge, but the wise say the path to salvation is hard “

Being a teacher, we should be careful in using our body. In this connection, we should bear in mind the following points:

& To think of the image we want to convey and practice and how shall we achieve it ?

& Are we neatly/comfortably dressed?

& Shall we fidget with a pen, watch, glasses, etc. ?

& Shall we avoid eye contact?

& If we make eye contact, how shall we do this ?

& Shall we sit or we stand ?

& If we sit , will it be near to/ a distance from students

& If you sit how will you use your hands and leg

That is to say, a teacher’s behaviour will be in such which must attract the students for effective and efficient teaching.

My idea of good teacher-4

An American definition of ‘Teaching’ envisages that ‘ Teaching is the consistent and effective transfer of appropriate behaviours which lead to the achievement of predetermined and specified results’. Hence in order to substantiate the purpose of teaching that is the transfer of knowledge to the students properly so that after receiving teachings they can acquire expected knowledge and pre-determined results. Hence a good teacher is he who teaches the students how to lead their lives cleanly and controlled towards acquiring knowledge. The quality of a good teacher is vitality important for ideal teachings to the students. He should know the correct way of teaching where the students are inspired to learn and devote themselves to study.

According to Comonenius, a famous educationist, in order to make teaching successful, the three things are vitally important. These are : Good teacher, Good method and Good books. Indeed, a good teacher plays a vital role in making teachings to the students successful.

Being a teacher, he should behave in such a way by dint of his own image, voice and body use so that interaction and transfer of behaviour between the teacher and the student are accelerated in a systematic manner.

About the image, he needs to behave like the following:

& Well-dressed

& Well rested

& He has to arrive before the students

& He has to greet the students as they arrive

& He needs to be enthusiastic about teaching in relevant field

& He has to identify and help the less able students

& He should remain alert and concentrate on how his students are behaving

& He should be an attentive listener

& He should think before he speaks

& He should remain calm and quiet

Assuming in a teaching classroom, computer class on Visual Basic is going on. The students are feeling boring because the teacher was not well dressed and well rested. Rather he has arrived late and he has not greeted them. Some students do not understand his lecture. He is running fast. He is not identifying and helping the less able students. In this case, despite his sound knowledge in the relevant field, he may not be treated as a good teacher. Henry Fayol defines a teacher as an active student of the students who can play very much attractive and fascinate role upon overall performances in the class. Besides this, in order to make our teachings memorable by good preparation, we need to follow as appended below apropos to the use of Voice:

& A teacher must start with Bang and end with Bang.

& In between check and interaction, a teacher should understand one thing that the students are learning.

& To plan for accurate timing

& To choose a suitable teaching methods in respect of the students and topics with a great care. And to help the students learn, especially those who are with problems.

Apropos to the use of voice one who will be a good teacher must be well conversant with the following:

& Trend/style of speaking

& Will the students hear you at the back?

& Will you, being a teacher ” umm” and ” aha”?

& Will you speak slowly for ” big” message?

& Whether, being a teacher, you create excitedly enthusiasm?

& Quickly to stimulate?

& Enthusiastically to stop boredom?

& Will you repeat important message?

& Will you use good examples to highlight points?

& Will you tell stories, which make important points?

& Are you sound confident and in control the class?